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Alan Plummer Associates, Inc. <br />Water Master Plan Update 2016 <br /> <br />was approximately 3,520 gpm (5.07 MGD) during the calibration period. While this percentage <br />is higher than average for the City, water restrictions and lower overall usage may be increasing <br />the percentage loss and the actual magnitude of the losses may not be appreciably different. <br />The City is investigating the causes of increased water loss in the system and trying to <br />determine if they are real or apparent water losses. AMI is a good tool in this effort, but cannot <br />help when the source of loss is unmetered, unaccounted for water. <br />3.3 CALIBRATION <br />While many model calibrations are considered adequate if 24 or 48 consecutive hours of system <br />operation can be simulated to within 10 percent of available data for pressures, tank levels, and <br />pump flow rates, APAI decided to utilize a 72-hour calibration period and strive to improve the <br />simulation error such that most modeling results are within 5 percent of the available <br />supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system data. The available AMI data made <br />these targets quite reasonable. Appendix A describes the hydraulic model calibration process in <br />detail. A summary of the calibration results follows. <br />In general, most pressure data was simulated to within 5 percent of measured values, while all <br />stations were simulated to within 10 percent of SCADA data for the entire 72-hour calibration <br />period. With respect to tank levels, simulations were quite accurate with respect to both cycle <br />times and timing of peak and trough levels. Pumping simulations were also very accurate, as <br />simulated flow rates at all stations where flow metering was available match the SCADA data to <br />within 5 percent at nearly all times during the simulation. Appendix A contains a plot of every <br />pressure node, pump, valve, and tank for which comparisons were made to collected SCADA or <br />pressure data recorder data. The following figures show example plots of each type of <br />calibration. <br /> <br />3-2 <br />m:\projects\0600\022-01\doc\report\draft\draftmasterplan-v15_hef.docx <br /> <br />