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I NTE R 13 11 ETATI 0 N <br />The model assumes: <br />• A fixed "startup" time of 0.65 minutes (z39 seconds). <br />• After that, each additional mile adds 1.7 minutes (­102 seconds). <br />• This makes the model simple, predictable, and easy to apply for planning station <br />locations, estimating response times, and evaluating fire -protection coverage. <br />Origin and Citation <br />The formula is widely attributed to the Insurance Services Office (ISO), which <br />incorporated it into its Fire Suppression Rating Schedule (FSRS). ISO cites the RAND <br />Corporation's early fire -travel research as the basis for the constants. <br />ISO Properties, Inc. (2007b). Fire Suppression Rating Schedule: Technical <br />documentation. ISO Properties, Inc., p. 1. <br />Background: Why It's Called the "RAND Equation" <br />The equation is based on research originally conducted by the RAND Corporation in the <br />1970s, which analyzed fire -engine travel times in major cities. RAND researchers found <br />that: Travel time increases approximately linearly with distance. A fixed acceleration <br />component plus a constant per -mile travel time best fit observed data. ISO later adapted <br />and standardized this model for national use. <br />7. Conclusion <br />The city's three closest fire stations, supported by the full six -station San Marcos Fire Department <br />system, provide strong concentration, distribution, and reliability of emergency services. The <br />existing configuration ensures rapid response capability, operational redundancy, and adequate <br />resources to meet the fire protection and emergency response needs of the community. This <br />assessment demonstrates that the current fire protection infrastructure satisfies the planning <br />requirements of Texas Health & Safety Code § 775.022 and supports continued safe development <br />within the jurisdiction. <br />