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<br />Instrument flight rules (IFR): rules governing the procedures for conducting <br />instrument flight. Also a term used by pilots and controllers to indicate type of <br />flight plan. <br /> <br />Instrument landing system (lLS): a precision instrument approach system <br />which normally consists of the following electronic components and visual aids: <br />localizer, glide slope, outer marker, middle marker, and approach lights. <br /> <br />Localizer (LOC): providing horizontal guidance to the runway centerline for <br />aircraft during approach and landing by radiating a directional pattern of radio <br />waves modulated by two signals which, when received with equal intensity, are <br />displayed by compatible airborne equipment as an "on-course" indication, and when <br />received in unequal intensity are displayed as an "off-course" indication. <br /> <br />Localizer type directional aid (LDA): a facility of comparable utility and <br />accuracy to a localizer, but is not part pf a complete ILS and is not aligned with the <br />runway. <br /> <br />Medium intensity approach light system with runway alignment lights <br />(MALSR): a 2,400-foot medium intensity approach lighting system (ALS) with <br />runway alignment indicator lights (RAILs). It is an economy ALS system approved <br />for Category I (200-foot cloud ceilings and one-half mile visibility) approaches. <br /> <br />Microwave landing system (MLS): an instrument approach and landing system <br />that provides precision guidance in azimuth, elevation, and distance measurement. <br /> <br />Missed approach: an instrument approach not completed by landing. This may <br />be due to visual contact not established at authorized minimums or instructions <br />from air traffic control, or other reasons. <br /> <br />Non-directional beacon (NDB): a radio beacon transmitting non-directional <br />signals that a pilot of an aircraft equipped with direction finding equipment can <br />determine his/her bearing to or from the radio beacon and "home" on or track to or <br />from the station. When the radio beacon is installed in conjunction with the <br />instrument landing system market, it is normally called a compass locator. <br /> <br />Nonprecision approach procedure: a standard instrument approach procedure <br />in which no electronic glide slope is provided, such as VOR, TACAN, NDB, or LaC. <br /> <br />Operation: a take-off or a landing. <br /> <br />Outer marker (OM): an ILS navigation facility in the terminal area navigation <br />system located four to seven miles from the runway edge on the extended centerline <br />indicating to the pilot, that he/she is passing over the facility and can begin final <br />approach. <br /> <br />B-3 <br />