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<br />service lines, fire hydrants and valves using leak detection equipment. Reports are generated <br />throughout the survey period and leaks are repaired as soon as practicable, with precedence <br />given to larger leaks. <br />In addition to the annualleal( survey, the City conducts ongoing leak detection activities <br />such as periodic visual inspection of lines and a 24-hour leak report hotline. Suspected and <br />reported leal(s are investigated immediately and repaired as soon as possible. <br />The City's aggressive leal( detection and water audit program has lowered unaccounted <br />water use to below 15%, the goal established by the American Water Works Association <br />(A WW A). The City will continue to refine these programs with a goal of reducing and <br />maintaining unaccounted usage below 15%. <br /> <br />5.2 Universal Metering <br />The City meters all water connections within the service area, and estimates unmetered <br />uses such as fire fighting, line flushing and water leaks. Construction water from hydrants is <br />allowed only through portable metering devices controlled by the City. <br />In 1987, the City implemented a meter replacement program in which all water meters <br />within the service area are replaced on a ten-year cycle. In 1996, the City added a large meter <br />testing program in which meters three inches and larger are tested annually and repaired or <br />replaced as needed, using A WW A standards for meter accuracy. Most malfunctioning meters <br />are repaired immediately unless it is determined that replacement is necessary. Testing is <br />accomplished through flow comparison with a calibrated digital water meter with each meter <br />tested at high, medium, and low flows. In addition to scheduled replacement and testing, meters <br />that are suspected of malfunction are investigated immediately and repaired or replaced as <br />needed. <br />Compound water meters are used for businesses that are likely to experience periodic low <br />flows, such as apartment complexes and restaurants. Turbo meters are used for those businesses <br />that are likely to experience only high flows such as car washes, laundromats and irrigation. <br />Universal metering and the meter maintenance program allow the City to accurately track <br />water consumption. The City will continue to develop and adjust the meter program as needed. <br /> <br />7 <br />