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Randolph VOR (RND) . .. 112.30 Mhz Centex VORTAC (CWK) . 112.80 Mhz San Antonio VORTAC (SAT) ............... 116.80 Mhz Stonewall VORTAC (STV) ............... 113.80 Mhz Exhibit IB depicts the location ofthese VOR facilities in relation to San Marcos Airport. The NDB transmits nondirectional radio signals whereby the pilots of properly equipped aircraft can determine the bearing to or from the NDB facility and then "home" or track to or from the station. The San Marcos Airport is served by the GARYS NDB, which is located northwest of the centerline of Runway 12 and is described previously in this section. An instrument approach is published for the GARYS NDB for Runway 12. A nonprecision approach, the NDB Runway 12 approach allows a descent from 2,700 feet at the GARYS NDB to the end of Runway 12, 5.5 nm away. Exhibit 1B depicts the location of several other nearby NDB's as identified below: New Braunfels(BAZ) . . . . . . . 212 Mhz Alamo(AN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 Mhz A Global Positioning System (GPS) is an additional navigational aid for enroute flight to an airport. GPS was initially developed by the United States Department of Defense for military navigation around the world. Increasingly, over the last few years, GPS has been utilized for civilian aircraft. GPS uses satellites placed in orbit around the globe to transmit electronic signals which properly 1-15 equipped aircraft use to determine altitude, speed, and navigational information. GPS allows pilots to directly navigate to any airport in the country and are not required to navigate using a specific navigational facili ty. The FAA is proceeding with a program to gradually replace all traditional enroute navigational aids with GPS over the next decade. The FAA phase- out schedule for traditional navigational includes: VORs between 2005 and 2010, and NDBs between 2000 and 2005. Currently, the San Marcos Municipal Airport is served by a GPS approach to Runway 12. AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTER (ARTCC) The FAA has established 21 Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCC) in the continental United States to control aircraft operating under instrument flight rules (IFR) within controlled airspace and while in the enroute phase of flight. An ARTCC assigns specific routes and altitudes along federal airways to maintain separation and orderly air traffic flow. Centers use radio communication and long range radar with automatic tracking capability to provide enroute air traffic services. Typically, the ARTCC splits its airspace into sectors and assigns a controller or team of controllers to each sector. As an aircraft travels through the ARTCC, one "hands off" control to another. Each sector guides the aircraft using discrete radio frequencies. Houston ARTCC is responsible for enroute control of all aircraft operating