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urban areas, however, other boundaries might be considered. In most arch,ological studies, boundaries may follow topographic or environmental zones, such as valley floors, or river basins. Regardless of the boundaries, a survey consists of two major components: archival research and field work and recording of information. Although archival research begins before field work, and much information is recorded as the result of field work, both normally will be simultaneous activities. Those conducting them should interact and provide each other with advice and suggestions. 1) Perforaing archival research - archival research should examine factors ~uch as the area's historical or prehistoric development, political boundaries, settlement patterns, and geographic features. Good sources of historic information include back issues of newspapers and periodicals, city directories, census records, old maps and photographs, Sanborn Insurance maps, county histories, tax rolls, and deed records. Local libraries and county courthouses often have many of these and other historical records. Prehistoric background information can be found in published and unpublished studies, theses, and dissertations. The Texas State Library and Archives in Austin, the Barker Texas History Center at the University of Texas, the Southwest Collection at Texas Tech, the Institute of Texan Cultures in San Antonio, the THC libraries and other State and local archives are useful resource centers for both historic and prehistoric reference materials. Locally collected information is vital in any survey effort. Displays and collections at libraries, schools, or museums, articles in local newspapers, guided tours of historic homes, meetings with local groups or clubs, and oral history projects can all help gather information and local support for a survey. Local historians, genealogists, and other knowledgeable individuals also should be enlisted in the effort. 2) Field Work and Recording Procedures - field work usually may be categorized as reconnaissance or intensive surveys. A reconnaissance survey should document: a) The boundaries of the area surveyed; b) Major properties predating 1950; c) The method of survey, including the extent of survey coverage; d) Comment on the kinds of historic properties present in the survey area; e) Specific properties that were identified, and the categories of information collected f) Areas examined that did not yield historic properties. An intensive survey should document: a) The boundaries of the area surveyed; b) All properties predating 1950; c) The method of survey, including an estimate of the extent of coverage; d) A record of the precise location of all properties identified; e) Information on the appearance, significance, integrity, and boundaries of each property sufficient to permit an evaluation of its significance f) Comment on and estimates of areas where resources have been lost. 7