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federal Register / Vol. 48. No. 190 ! Thu;sday, Scrtc":¡!J~:- 2'.'. 1C,SJ / ~Qtice:s 44721 ILfq - ~ ,~~~- == - "-~~~~- - ~ - <:-\:>\<o<::.\\'-"<>s. <::.hosen methods and Guidelines outline or:e approach to meet pr:Jcess and fDr linking L'1ose activities techniques, and expected results of the the Standards for Identification. directiy to the goals and the historic id~mtification activities are specified in Agencies. organizations and individuals context(s) for which those goals were a research design. These acti~'itìes may proposing to approach wentification defined. The research design stipubtes include archival research and other diffen:ntly may wish to review their the logicai integration of historic techniques to develop historic contexts. approaches with the National Park context(s) anà field and laboratory sampling an area to gain a broad Service. methodology. Although these tasks may understanding of the kinds of properties The Guidelines are organized as be performed individually. they will not it contains. or examining every property follows: contribute to the greatest extent in an area as a basis for property Role of Identification in the Planning possible in increasing information on the specific decisions. Where possible. use Process historic context unless they relate to the of quantitative methods is important Performing Identification defined g::Jals and to each other. because it can produce an estimate. Integrating Identification Results Additionaily. the research design whose reliability may be assessed. of Reporting Identification Results provides a focus for the integration of Recommended Sources of Technical the kinds of historic properties that may Information interdisciplinary information. H ensures be present in the studied area. Role of Identification in the Planning that the linkages between specialized Identification activities should use a activities are real. logical and address search procedure consistent with the Process the defined research questions. management needs for information and Identification is undertaken for thé Identification activities should be guided the character of the area to be purpose of locating historic properties by the research design and the results investigated. Careful selection of and is composed of a number of discussed in those terms. (See Reporting methods. techniques and 1E',\'el of detail activities which include. but are not identification Results) is neCf'SSilry so that the gathered limited to archival research. informant The research design should include informatio!1 ....ill provide a sound basis interviews, field survey and analysis. the foìfowing: for making decisions, .' Combinations of these activities may be 1. Ob/¿ctives of the identification Standard ll. Results of Idel/lification selected and appropriate levels of effort 'ic!,,'ities. For example: to characterize assigned to produce a flexible series of Activities arè Integrated Into the options. Generally identification Òe range of historic properties in a Preservation Planning Process regic:1: to identify the number of activities will have multiple objectives. prope;'!ies associated with a context: to Results of id".ntifica lion acti\'ities are reflecting complex management needs. 8>'.¡!,er information to determine which reviewed for their effects on previous Within a comprehensive planning põoperties in an area are significant. planning data. Archival research or field process. identification is normally The statement of objectives should survey may refine the understanding of undertaken to acquire property-specific refer to current knowledge about the one or more historic contexts and may information needed to refine a particular histor~c contexts or property types. alter the need for additional surveyor historic context or to develop any new study of particular pmperty types. historic contexts. (See the Guidelines for based on background research or Incorporation of the results of these Preservation Planning for discussion of assessments of previous research. It activities into the planning process is information gathering to establish plans should clearly define the physical extent necessary to ensure that the planning and to develop historic contexts.) The of the area to be investigated and the process is always based on the best results of identification activities ani amount and kinds of information to be available informiition. then integrated into the planning gathered about properties in the area. process so that subsequent activities are 2. Methods to be used to obtain the Standord Ill. IdentIfication Activities based on the most up-to-date information. For example: archival Include Explicit Procedures for Record- information. Identification activities are research or field survey. Research Keeping- and Information Distribution also undertaken in the absence of a methods should be clearly and Information gathered in identification comprehensive planning process. most specifically related to research activities is useful in other preservation frequently as part of a specific land-use problems. planning activities only when it is or development project. Even lacking a Archival research or survey methods systematica[[y gathered and recorded. formally developed pre'servation should be carefully explained so that and made available to those responsible planning process. the benefits of ethers using the gathered infonnation for preservation planning. The results of efficent. goal-direc:ed research may be can understand how the information identification activities should be obtained by the development of was obtained and what its possible reported in a format that summarizes localized historic contexts. suitable in limitations or biases are. the design and methods of the survey. scale for the project area. as part of the The methods should be compatible provides a basis for others to review the background research which customarily with the past and present environmental results. and states where information on occurs before field survey eiforts. chi1!"âcter of the geographical area under identified properties is maintained. Performing Identification study and the kinds of properties most However. sensitive information. like the likely to be preser;t in the area. location of fragile resources, must be Research Design 3. The expected results and the safeguarded from genera! public Identification activities are essentially reasons for those expections. distribution. research activities for which a statement Expectations about the kind. number. Secretary of the Interior's Guidelines for of objectives or research design should location. character and condition of IdentIfication be prepared before work is performed. historic properties are generally based Introduction Within the framework of a on a combination of background comprehensive planning process. the research. proposed hypotheses, and These Guidelines link the Standards research design provides a vehicle for analogy to the kinds of properties for Identification with more specific integrating the various activities known to exist in areas of similar guidance and technical information. The performed during the identification environment or history.